A heat exchanger is a device designed to efficiently transfer or “exchange” heat from one matter to another (between a solid object and a fluid, or between two or more fluids). When a fluid is used to transfer heat, the fluid could be a liquid, such as water or oil, or could be moving air. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact.
Their applications includes:
Space heating
Refrigeration
Air conditioning
Power stations
Chemical plants
Petroleum refineries
Natural-gas processing
Sewage treatment
The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an IC (Internal Combustion) Engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
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